關于醫用內窺鏡的起源與發展我們可以總結成這四大階段，第一階段為硬式內窺鏡階段，第二階段為半屈式內窺鏡階段，第三階段為光導纖維內窺鏡階段，第四階段為電子內窺鏡階段。下面就為你詳細介紹這四個發展階段。
The origin and development of medical endoscopy can be summarized into four stages: the first stage is hard endoscopy, the second stage is half bent endoscopy, the third stage is optical fiber endoscopy, and the fourth stage is electronic endoscopy. Here is a detailed introduction to these four stages of development.
第一階段為硬式內窺鏡階段：時間大概在1806--1932之間，它是由德國人Philipp Bozzini首次發明的，當時的科技不發達，可以說是落后，他就使用蠟燭和一系列鏡片組合成一套“內窺鏡”。當時只用于檢查膀胱和尿道。在1895年的時候，一個叫Rosenhein的人它對硬式內窺鏡進行了改進，特別是設置了3根呈同心圓狀的管子。在1911年的時候，一個叫Elsner的人對Rosenhein的內窺鏡進行了改造和改良。在1806--1932年之間，硬式內窺鏡可謂是風靡這一時期。
The first stage is the hard endoscope stage: it was first invented by Philipp bozzini of Germany between 1806 and 1932. At that time, the technology was underdeveloped, which can be said to be backward. He used candles and a series of lenses to form a set of "endoscope". At that time, it was only used for bladder and urethra examination. In 1895, a man named rosenhein improved the rigid endoscope, especially three concentric tubes. In 1911, a man named Elsner modified rosenhein's endoscope. Between 1806 and 1932, rigid endoscopes became popular.
第二階段為半屈式內窺鏡階段：時間在1932—1957年之間，其實在1928年到1932年的時候Schindler和Georg Wolf聯合發明了胃鏡。
The second stage is the half flexion endoscope stage: the time is from 1932 to 1957. In fact, Schindler and Georg wolf jointly invented gastroscope from 1928 to 1932.
第三階段為光導纖維內窺鏡階段：從1957年發展以來沿用至今。在1954年的時候，英國人Hopkins和Kapany聯合發明了光導纖維技術。在1957年時，Hirschowitz發明了光導纖維內窺鏡。并在日后不斷的發展，配置也在不斷的改進，現在的光導纖維內窺鏡應該說是越來越先進了。
The third stage is the optical fiber endoscope stage: it has been used since 1957. In 1954, the British Hopkins and kapany jointly invented the optical fiber technology. In 1957, hirschowitz invented the optical fiber endoscope. With the continuous development and improvement of configuration in the future, the optical fiber endoscope is becoming more and more advanced.
第四階段為電子內窺鏡階段：在1983年電子內窺鏡的誕生以來，得到了很大的反響，它具有高性能的攝像鏡頭，可以拍下或錄下高清影像，極大的提高了醫護人員的判斷力。
The fourth stage is the electronic endoscope stage: since the birth of the electronic endoscope in 1983, it has received great response. It has a high-performance camera lens, which can take or record high-definition images, greatly improving the judgment of medical staff.
從以上醫用內窺鏡的發展來看，在短短的一個世紀內，內窺鏡能發展到現在這樣的高科技水平，并且極大的提高了我們的醫術。
From the above development of medical endoscopes, in a short period of a century, endoscopes can develop to such a high-tech level, and greatly improve our medical skills.
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